This section explains how to format and reference images (which are called figures) and tables in APA style.
A table is textual or numerical information presented in columns and rows.
A figure is any other visual element in your work. This might be a graph, diagram, picture or photograph.
Because of the number of images that arts students have to include in their work, the Faculty of Arts and Humanities has approved a more streamlined method to reference images. This guide must only be used by students in the Faculty of Arts and Humanities.
Use these guidelines if you have created a table or figure yourself (e.g. a table or graph made up of data you collected in an experiment, a photograph that you have taken, etc.). If you have adapted a table or figure from another source, you should use the tabs above for referencing guidance instead.
Example | Example | |
Data | 1 | 2 |
Data | 3 | 4 |
Note. This part is optional, but if you need to add any notes to explain the table, do so here.
If you have copied or adapted a table or figure from a book, or if you have taken information from a book and put it into a table/figure yourself, you must include an in-text citation in your notes section underneath the table or figure. In APA, this has a different format to normal in-text citations and is called a copyright attribution.
You can use the following phrases:
Note that you must also include an entry in your list of references for a book, using the normal referencing format.
Example | Example | |
Data | 1 | 2 |
Data | 3 | 4 |
Note. From Title of the Book (edition, p. page), by N. Author, year, Publisher (https://doi.org/xxxxx)
For examples of fully written tables and figures, check the examples page. Below, you will see examples of the in-text citations that need to go below tables and figures.
You must also give a normal list of references entry for the book you used, with the book's details in the normal order. Check the Books section for instructions.
If you have copied or adapted a table or figure from a journal article, or if you have taken information from a journal article and put it into a table/figure yourself, you must include an in-text citation in your notes section underneath the table or figure. In APA, this has a different format to normal in-text citations and is called a copyright attribution.
You can use the following phrases:
Note that you must also include an entry in your list of references for a journal article, using the normal referencing format.
Example | Example | |
Data | 1 | 2 |
Data | 3 | 4 |
Note. From "Title of the Article," by N. Author, year, Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages (https://doi.org/xxxx).
For examples of fully written tables and figures, check the examples page. Below, you will see an example of the in-text citation that needs to go below tables and figures.
You must also give a normal list of references entry for the journal article you used, with the article's details in the normal order. Check the Journal Articles section for instructions.
If you have copied or adapted a table or figure from a website, or if you have taken information from a website and put it into a table/figure yourself, you must include an in-text citation in your notes section underneath the table or figure. In APA, this has a different format to normal in-text citations and is called a copyright attribution.
You can use the following phrases:
Note that you must also include an entry in your list of references for a website or online report, using the normal referencing format.
Example | Example | |
Data | 1 | 2 |
Data | 3 | 4 |
Note. From Title of the Specific Webpage, by N. Author, year, Website Name (www.website.com/page).
For examples of fully written tables and figures, check the examples page. Below, you will see examples of the in-text citations that need to go below tables and figures.
You must also give a normal list of references entry for the website you used, with the website's details in the normal order. Check the Webpages section for instructions.
Figure 1
The three Ps of pain management
Note. Adapted from Children and Young People's Nursing at a Glance (p. 152), by A. Glasper, J. Coad, & J. Richardson, 2014, Wiley.
Figure 2
Five countries with the most summer Olympics medals won 1886 - 2016
Note. Adapted from Olympic Summer Games Medal Table (Total Medals Won) from 1896 to 2016, by Statista, 2016 (https://www.statista.com/statistics/262864/all-time-summer-olympics-medals-table/).
Table 1
Perceived usefulness of Google Scholar by postgraduate students
Perceived usefulness | Strongly agree | Agree | Disagree | Strongly disagree |
1. Google Scholar enables quick completion of research | 16.1% | 33.2% | 41.3% | 9.4% |
2. Google Scholar makes research work easier | 13.1% | 23.2% | 41.7% | 21.9% |
3. Using Google Scholar enhances my searching effectiveness | 11.2% | 43.9% | 37.7% | 7.2% |
4. I can find many relevant articles with one search in Google Scholar | 13.9% | 41.7% | 34.5% | 9.9% |
5. The resources in Google Scholar relate well to my research | 13.9% | 43.1% | 24.2% | 23.3% |
Note. Adapted from "An Analysis of Perceived Usefulness of Google Scholar by the Postgraduate Students of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria," by A. Tella, M. Oyewole, & A. Tella, 2017, South African Journal of Information Management, 19(1), a793 (https://doi.org/10.4102/sajim.v19i1.793).
Table 2
Confidence of students before and after learning intervention
Confidence before workshop | Confidence after workshop | |
Learning objective 1 | 56% | 92% |
Learning objective 2 | 45% | 93% |
Learning objective 3 | 39% | 85% |
Note. Percentage represents proportion of participants rating themselves 'confident' or 'very confident' against each learning objective.
Figure 3
Lanchester Stanhope Phaeton
Note. From Side view of the Lanchester 5 hp Stanhope Phaeton, the first all British 4-wheel, petrol car, by Lanchester Interactive Archive, 1895 (https://catalogue.lanchesterinteractive.org/records/LAN/7/30).
List of References
Glasper, A., Coad, J., & Richardson, J. (2014). Children and young people's nursing at a glance. Wiley.
Lanchester Interactive Archive. (1895). Side view of the Lanchester 5 hp Stanhope Phaeton, the first all British 4-wheel, petrol car. https://catalogue.lanchesterinteractive.org/records/LAN/7/30
Statista. (2016). Olympic Summer Games medal table (total medals won) from 1896 to 2016. https://www.statista.com/statistics/262864/all-time-summer-olympics-medals-table/
Tella, A., Oyewole, M., & Tella, A. (2017). An analysis of perceived usefulness of Google Scholar by the postgraduate students of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. South African Journal of Information Management 19(1), a793. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajim.v19i1.793
Data in Table 1 reproduced in this guide under the Creative Commons (BY) 4.0 License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Lanchester Interactive Archive image reproduced in this guide under the Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) 4.0 License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
If you have questions not answered in this guide: