The Coventry University Guide to Referencing in Harvard Style: Rare Sources
How to reference books
General guidance on referencing rare sources
If you incorporate information sourced from rare sources into your text, you must provide both an in-text citation and matching entry in your end List of References. These two components are referenced differently for different types of sources. Click on the relevant tab above to see examples.
If you cannot find information on how to reference your source, adapt relevant principles or take a look at the further support options.
Personal communication
- See also emails
In-text citation
Example
Components
- Surname of the person you are citing.
- Year the letter was sent.
List of References entry
Example
Components
- Author(s)' surnames and initials, in list format.
- Year the letter was sent, in brackets.
- Title italics. (You may have to make a title up).
- Type of communication in square brackets, e.g. 'letter' or 'email'.
- Name of the person that the communication was addressed to.
- Exact date the letter was sent in square brackets. (See the date format in the example above).
A music score
In-text citation
Examples
Components
- Surname of the composer(s) in a list format. If appropriate, use ‘et al.’.
- Year the score was published in brackets.
List of References entry
Example
Components
- Composer(s)' surnames and initials, in list format.
- Year the score was published in brackets.
- Title of the score in italics, followed by a full stop.
- The words 'ed. by' or 'arranged by', followed by the surname and initials of the editor or arranger. (If appropriate).
- Place of publication, followed by a colon.
- Publisher.
An archive
In-text citation
Example
Components
- Surname(s) and initials of the author(s), in list format.
- Year.
List of References entry
Example
Rose, J. (1980) Between C&D [National Endowment for the Arts Proposal] Fales Special Collection. New York: Bobst Library, New York University
Components
- Surname(s) and initials of the author(s), in list format.
- Year in brackets.
- Type of document, in square brackets. e.g. manuscript, letter.
- Name of archive collection.
- Place where archive is collected, followed by a colon.
- Institution where archive is collected.
An unpublished text
In-text citation
Examples
Components
- The surname(s) of the author(s) in list format.
- Year.
- Page numbers, if you are referring to a specific page or range of pages.
List of References entry
Example
Components
- Surnames and initials of the author(s) in list format.
- Year in brackets.
- Title in italics, followed by a full stop.
- The type of document, followed by a full stop. e.g. 'Unpublished booklet.' or 'Unpublished handbook.'
- Place where document was produced.
- Institution where document was produced.
Essentials
Overview of key elements:
Techniques to integrate sources
How to reference secondary sources (sources within sources)
Download the Guide
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The Coventry University Guide to Referencing in the Harvard Style by The Centre for Academic Writing is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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